Understanding and Treating Lisfranc Injuries

Lisfranc injuries, though not as commonly discussed as other foot injuries, can be debilitating. Named after French surgeon Jacques Lisfranc de St. Martin, who first described the injury in the 19th century, Lisfranc injuries affect the midfoot and can vary from mild to severe.

What is a Lisfranc Injury?

The Lisfranc joint complex consists of a group of bones and ligaments that connect the midfoot to the forefoot. A Lisfranc injury occurs when there is damage to these bones or ligaments, typically caused by trauma such as a twist, fall, or direct impact.

Causes and Risk Factors

Lisfranc injuries often result from activities involving high impact or sudden twisting motions, such as sports like football, soccer, or activities like falls from a height. Additionally, motor vehicle accidents can also cause Lisfranc injuries. Individuals with anatomical variations in the foot structure, such as a high arch or a long second metatarsal bone, may be at a higher risk.

Symptoms

Symptoms of a Lisfranc injury can vary depending on the severity but may include:

·      Swelling and bruising on the top of the foot

·      Pain and tenderness in the midfoot

·      Difficulty bearing weight on the affected foot

·      Instability or difficulty walking

·      A visible deformity in severe cases

Prompt and accurate diagnosis of a Lisfranc injury is crucial for effective treatment. Healthcare professionals may conduct a physical examination, review the patient's medical history, and order imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI scans to assess the extent of the injury and rule out other possible conditions.

Treatment Options

Treatment for Lisfranc injuries depends on various factors, including the severity of the injury, the patient's age, activity level, and overall health. Options may include:

Immobilisation: Mild Lisfranc injuries may be treated with rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE protocol) along with immobilisation using a cast, splint, or walking boot.

Surgery: Severe Lisfranc injuries or those with significant displacement may require surgical intervention to realign the bones and stabilise the joint. Surgical techniques may involve the use of screws, plates, or pins to hold the bones in place.

Rehabilitation: Following treatment, rehabilitation exercises and physical therapy may be recommended to restore strength, flexibility, and range of motion in the affected foot.

Recovery Process

Recovery from a Lisfranc injury can be a lengthy process and may require several weeks to months, depending on the severity of the injury and the chosen treatment approach. During this time, it's essential for patients to follow their healthcare provider's recommendations, including rest, proper foot care, and adherence to rehabilitation exercises.

Prevention

·      Wearing appropriate footwear with proper support and stability.

·      Strengthening the muscles around the foot and ankle through targeted exercises.

·      Using caution during high-impact activities and sports, and wearing protective gear when necessary.

·      Seeking prompt medical attention for any foot injuries to prevent worsening of symptoms.

If you suspect a Lisfranc injury or are experiencing foot pain and discomfort, don't hesitate to consult with a qualified healthcare professional for evaluation and personalised treatment recommendations.